1. Hazard analysis and prevention measures of steel structure hoisting operation
The hoisting operation of steel structural members mainly has the following dangerous factors:
1. When the crane lifts the steel column or steel beam and temporarily fixes it in place, the crane overturns due to the excessive lifting angle or the unreasonable setting of the component lifting point.
2. The safety factor of the hoisting wire rope is too low. The quality problem of the wire rope itself and the poor maintenance of the wire rope lead to the wear, corrosion, deformation, fatigue, broken wire and exposed core of the wire rope.
3. The way the crane enters the construction site is not standardized, and even some owners are individual owners of natural persons. Cranes failed to pass inspection or reported to supervisors or general contractors for review, causing accidents during operation.
4. There are no full-time crane drivers, cables, commanders, and on-site safety supervisors, and illegal and dangerous operations, especially the phenomenon of unlicensed personnel replacing cables and commanders.
5. There is no warning area and effective warning maintenance during the hoisting process, and some people are injured or scratched by components when moving or passing through the hoisting area.
6. High winds and extreme weather (such as strong winds of level 6 and above, extremely cold, extremely hot weather) and risky operations to catch up with the schedule lead to accidents.
2. Safety prevention and control measures for steel structure hoisting operations:
1. A special safety construction plan shall be formulated for the hoisting of the steel structure. The plan should include selecting the specifications for hoisting and tying wire ropes according to the weight and length of the heaviest steel member; reasonably setting the hoisting point according to the center of gravity of the steel structure; the selection of the crane should consider the hoisting angle, the extension length of the boom, and the walking route map of the crane , The sequence steps of hoisting construction operations, the safety measures of the working environment, etc. Special security construction plans must complete the preparation, review and approval procedures.
2. All owners of cranes entering the construction site shall have corresponding qualifications and safety licenses. The crane shall be the equipment that has passed the inspection of the special equipment inspection agency. Upon entering the site, crane information should be reported to the supervisor and the general contractor.
3. The hoisting drivers, cables and commanders involved in the hoisting operation must hold the special operation certificate to take up the post, and submit the list and the corresponding special operation certificate to the supervisor and the general contractor for review before the operation. Operation. .
4. During the hoisting operation, eye-catching warning lines should be set up in the hoisting operation area, redundant passages should be closed, and there should be on-site supervision by full-time safety supervisors.
5. Determine the appropriate lifting point when hoisting beams and columns. Regardless of the size of the component, try to hoist it once, so that the component is about two meters off the ground, check whether there is any problem in each part, and formally hoist it under the condition of ensuring safety and reliability.
6. High-altitude operations should be stopped in strong winds and extreme weather (such as strong winds of level 6 and above, extremely cold, and extremely hot weather).
7. All hoisting operators must have skilled steel structure installation experience. Crane drivers should be familiar with the crane’s performance, the scope of use, and operating procedures. At the same time, it is necessary to understand the steel structure installation procedures, installation methods, crane drivers, signal commanders, cable drivers, etc. Familiarity with project safety procedures is required. Crane drivers, signal commanders and hoists should be familiar with each other’s command signals, including gestures, signals, whistles, etc., before hoisting.
3. Hazard analysis and safety prevention and control measures in the installation stage of steel structure components
Hazardous factors in the installation stage of steel structural members
1. When the steel column is in place and not corrected, the temporary fixation is not strong, causing the steel column to overturn and injure people, resulting in a collision accident.
2. There is no safety ladder on the steel column for the construction personnel to go up and down vertically. Construction workers use the original climbing method